Migrant Gangs Threaten the Rule of Law in Europe

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In Spectator World, Jonathan Miller explains how Europe’s failure to control immigration and its migrant gangs has threatened the continent’s rule of law. He writes:

A specter is haunting Europe. In France, Sweden, Germany, Belgium and even Switzerland, the rule of law is being challenged by the rule of gangs. Disaffected young people cut off from society feel nothing but nihilistic contempt for it. Higher temperatures and social media are creating a heated summer. Judging from recent events in Paris and Stockholm, this year could be the worst so far.

The rise of gang violence is associated with immigration. Europe has shown itself incapable or unwilling to control the influx of migrants, some of them genuine asylum seekers, others simply opportunists. Nor have European politicians succeeded in dealing with the problems created by immigration, despite spending billions on social projects. A European summit on immigration in Brussels last week ended without even a joint declaration. Emmanuel Macron was unable to attend. He was preoccupied with riots across France, following the fatal police shooting of Nahel Merzouk, a seventeen-year-old boy, in suburban Paris.

The European Commission, deaf to the concerns of voters, has responded to the de facto collapse of the EU’s frontiers by demanding that countries such as Poland, which has largely closed its borders to refugees and is not troubled by the problem of migrant gangs, be fined €20,000 ($21,700) for each person refused.

France gets plenty of attention, but its street violence is hardly singular. Sweden, once a quintessential example of an open-minded society that welcomed immigrants, has become one of the most violent countries in Europe, as measured by gangland shootings. It’s a rare night in Stockholm that passes without some violent event. Police estimate that there are now more than fifty gangs, many in heavily immigrant communities. The Swedish newspapers read more like film scripts, with feuding gangs loyal to “the Kurdish Fox” and “the Greek” and violence connected to vendettas.

Police have identified 31,000 people in Sweden who have some connection to gangs. “We have never faced such ruthless criminality,” said Anders Thornberg, national police chief, in a recent interview. Sweden’s laws go easy on the under-twenty-ones: a model, he says, that is an open invitation to gangland violence. “The model of organization for the entire Swedish justice system is not rigged to face such extensive criminality.”

Take one court case this year: a teenage asylum seeker found work as a hitman, killed the wrong person, then went on the run. This being Sweden, his citizenship application was approved as he dodged the authorities. He was caught but sentenced to just four years in a prison — or something that passes for prison. As a teenager, he qualified for internet access, a single room, and security so lax that inmates can arrange external dental appointments. He used one to break free within a few weeks of his sentencing.

In the most recent waves of immigration, Sweden has let in more refugees and people claiming to be refugees, as a share of population, than any other European country. It is coping with the consequences. Last year Norway had four fatal shootings, compared with sixty-three in Sweden. In Botkyrka, south-west of Stockholm, a generation has been lost to gangs, says Paulina Neuding, a journalist who is writing a book on Sweden’s descent. Many of Botkyrka’s children, who are disproportionately from immigrant backgrounds, are easy pickings for gangs.

But Sweden is not alone. In Brussels last week, police and angry immigrants clashed. Belgian police said they arrested sixty-four people. Perhaps more surprising is the experience of Switzerland, not a country associated with rioting. In Lausanne, there were clashes last week between police and youths. Young people threw paving stones and at least one Molotov cocktail at officers. Swiss police detained Portuguese, Somali, Bosnian, Swiss, Georgian and Serbian citizens.

In Germany, where Angela Merkel opened the doors to refugees from the Middle East, the number of criminal offenses across that country’s sixteen federal states has skyrocketed, up by 12 percent last year, with authorities recording some 5.6 million crimes. Incidents of rapes, sexual offenses and fatal assaults all rose by more than 20 percent last year. Robberies jumped 27 percent.

In France, things are so bad that a night with no riots now makes the news. When the violence dies down, the aftermath looks ugly: this time we saw the looting of Jewish-owned businesses and the defacement of a Holocaust memorial. Plus ça change. Cars are burned, police assaulted and shops pillaged every day in France. In January, an Algerian man stabbed six people at the Gare du Nord, and last month a Syrian asylum seeker ran amok with a knife in an Annecy playground, wounding four babies and two adults. Macron has promised “no taboo” when it comes to restoring order and has told social networks to censor content. Censorship is a weapon normally employed by totalitarian regimes, but Macron has a point.

So far, no politician in Sweden or France has offered a plausible solution to this problem, certainly not Marine Le Pen, the right-wing nationalist who is favorite to win the 2027 presidential election. Anger with the situation in Sweden saw the populist Sweden Democrats made part of a governing coalition, but they seem just as bereft of ideas.

Little wonder that anti-migration parties are doing well across Europe. The nationalist Freedom Party in Austria, Giorgia Meloni’s Fratelli d’Italia and Germany’s Alternative für Deutschland, which last month won a district election for the first time, are all advancing. The Spanish Partido Popular is currently eight points ahead of the ruling socialists in the run-up to next month’s general election.

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